The caverns are arranged on two adjoining slopes, Udayagiri and Khandagiri, referenced as Kumari Parvata in the Hathigumpha engraving. They have various finely and elaborately cut caverns worked during the first century BCE. It is accepted that the greater part of these caverns were cut out as private squares for Jaina priests during the rule of King Kharavela. Udayagiri signifies “Dawn Hill” and has 18 caverns while Khandagiri has 15 caverns.

The caverns of Udayagiri and Khandagiri, called lena or leṇa in the engravings, were uncovered for the most part during the rule of Kharavela for the house of Jaina monks. The most significant of this gathering is Ranigumpha in Udayagiri which is a twofold storeyed cloister. Other significant caverns incorporate Hathi gumpha, Ananta gumpha, Ganesha gumpha, Jaya Vijaya gumpha, Mancapuri gumpha, Bagha/Byaghra/Vyaghra gumpha and Sarpa gumpha.

Archeological Survey of India has recorded Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves in the rundown of “Should See” Indian Heritage.

1. M. Barua, in light of a perusing of line 14 of the Hathigumpha engraving, announced that an aggregate of 117 caverns were exhumed by Kharavela and others on the Kumari slope (Udayagiri). Marshall has included in excess of 35 collapses the two slopes, while M.M. Ganguli has listed just 27 caves.

The quantity of existing caverns at Udayagiri is 18, while Khandagiri has 15. The neighborhood names of the current caverns are recorded underneath, numbered by the count of the Archeological Survey of India.

The Udayagiri slopes fall on your correct side when you enter this region from Bhubaneswar. Contrasted with Khandagiri, Udayagiri offers more lovely and better-kept up cavern hallowed places. There are 18 collapses Udayagiri

Rani Gumpha “Cave of the Queen”

Rani Gumpha is the largest and most popular cave among the caves of Udayagiri and Khandagiri. The word ‘Rani’ means Queen. Although it is not an architectural marvel, it has some ancient beautiful sculptures.

This cave is double-storeyed. Each story has three wings and the central wing is bigger among all the three wings. The lower floor has seven entrances in the middle wing whereas the upper floor has nine columns. The upper portion of the central wing has relief images depicting the victory march of a king.

Bajaghara Gumpha
Bajaghara Gumpha is extremely straightforward and little. It has a stone bed and pad and it was clearly utilized as the Jain priests’ safe house in old occasions. Aside from the plain rectangular-formed columns, there could be no other model found in this cavern.

Chota Hathi Gumpha
Chota Hathi Gumpha is little in size. It has six little elephant figures in the veneer and a sculpture of a watchman.

Alakapuri Gumpha
Alakapuri Gumpha has an alleviation model of a lion holding its prey in its mouth. The columns with the human figures (divine creatures) with wings are found in this cavern. It is twofold storeyed.

Jaya Vijaya Gumpha
A love of nature alleviation from the Jaya Vijaya cavern.
Jaya Vijaya Gumpha is twofold storeyed. The cavern has a cutting of a female wearing hefty studs, groups, flawlessly designed hair. On one hand of the cutting are a parrot and the other laying on her waist.[16]

Panasa Gumpha
Panasa Gumpha is an exceptionally little and straightforward cavern with no critical highlights.

Thakurani Gumpha
Thakurani Gumpha is twofold celebrated however is straightforward in style. It has not many small alleviation figures.

Patalapuri Gumpha
Patalapuri Gumpha is somewhat greater with a pillared verandah. Nonetheless, there is no eminent element in this cavern.

Mancapuri and Swargapuri Gumpha
Manchapuri cavern alleviation portraying the love of Kalinga Jina.
Manipuri and Swargapuri Gumpha is twofold storeyed. Manchapuri cavern portrays two male figures and 2 female figures adoring to the Kalinga Jina that Kharval brought back from Magadha. It has a harmed Jain strict image which was most likely utilized for love. There are three engravings found in this cavern. One engraving discusses the main sovereign of Kharavela. The other two engravings talk about Kudepasiri, the replacement of Kharavela, and Badukha, the child or sibling of Kudepasiri.

Ganesha Gumpha
Ganesha Gumpha is perhaps the main collapses Udayagiri. The cavern got this name because of the cut figure of Ganesha on the rear of its correct cell. Obviously, it would have been cut in the later period and it can’t be the first work. The cavern has two major sculptures of elephants conveying laurels at the passage and is the primary illustration of model creatures utilized as gatekeepers to the entrance. Also, the cut figures of dwara palas are found at the doorways. The carvings in this cavern portray the account of the elopement of Bassavadatta, Princess of Ujjayini, with King Udayana of Kausambi in the organization of Vasantaka.

Jambesvara Gumpha
Jambesvara Gumpha is an extremely straightforward and little cavern with one segment and two pilasters. The engraving tells that it is the cavern of Nayaki, spouse of Mahammad.

Vyaghra Gumpha
Tiger (Bagha/Byaghra Gumpha) (cavern no-12), Udayagiri
Vyaghra Gumpha is one of the well known collapses Udayagiri. The cavern, which is in ruins, has the passageway cuts like a largemouth of a tiger with a solitary cell in the cavern going about as Tiger’s throat. It is quite possibly the most shot locales in Udayagiri. The word vyaghra implies tiger. The engraving found here advises that this cavern has a place with the city judge Sabhuti.

Sarpa Gumpha
Sarpa Gumpha is a strangely little cavern. There are two engravings found in this cavern. The word sarpa implies snake.

Hati Gumpha
Hati Gumpha is an enormous common natural hollow. On the divider, the engraving raised by Kharavela is found. It is the fundamental wellspring of the historical backdrop of Kharavela. The cavern is known as Hati Gumpha because of its dazzling carvings of elephants. The word that implies elephant.

Dhanaghara Gumpha
Dhanaghara Gumpha is a little cavern that has two wide columns and dwara pala figures cut at the passageway.

Haridasa Gumpha
Haridasa Gumpha is a little cavern with three doors and a verandah in the front side. There is an engraving found here.

Jagannatha Gumpha
Jagannatha Gumpha is a generally cut cavern with three doors.

Rasui Gumpha
Rasui Gumpha is an uncommonly little cavern.